1.1. What is computer? (Computer is basically a machine meant for computing, it is made up of many electronic and electrical components.) What makes a computer different? a. Speed b. Accuracy c. Reliability d. Programmability 1.2. List the application of computers 1.2.1. Commercial Applications 1.2.2. Educational Institutions 1.2.3. Broadcasting Services 1.2.4. Study and Fun Tool 1.3. Data Processing Cycle Data > Processor > Information 1.4. Concept of Information (When data has been worked upon to give it more meaning) 1.5. Categories of software 1.5.1. System Software (The category of software is concerned with making a computer work and understand the user given data and instructions to process the data to produce the needed information is system software. 1.5.2. Application Software (The software, which has been developed for a specific application, is categorized as application software). Example: Word Processors, Accounting Packages, Painting Packages 1.6. Peripherals of a PC 1.6.1. Compact Disk Drive 1.6.2. Floppy Drive 1.6.3. Printer
- Keyboard
- [Using your keyboard](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/using-your-keyboard-18b2efc1-9e32-ba5a-0896-676f9f3b994f)
- Mouse Cabinet /Casing 1.6.6.1. Hard disk 1.6.6.2. RAM 1.6.6.3. Processor/CPU 1.6.6.4. Modem 1.6.6.5. Motherboard 1.6.6.6. Sound Card 1.6.6.7. LAN/NIC Card 1.6.6.8. Modem 1.6.6.9. Power Supply 1.6.6.10. Data Cable 2 Manage Desktop 3 Start Menu 4 Arrange Icons 5 Set time 6 Taskbar Properties 7 Work with explorer 7.1. Right Click And Drag 7.2. Navigation 7.3. Expend /Collapse Folders 7.4. Customize windows Explorer 8 Create Folder (File > New > Folder) 9 Select Multiple Files 9.1. Using Shift and Arrow Keys 9.2. Using Mouse/Ctrl +Mouse 10 Sort By Name, Date, File Type or Size (In Detail View) 11 Cut, Copy and Paste files (Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl +V) 12 Data Files (Text, Audio /Video, Images etc) 13 File Extension (BMP, DOC, PPT, XLS, TXT, MP3, MPEG, JIF, JPEG) 14 Find files 15 Create Shortcuts 15.1. Using Shortcut Dialog 15.2. Using Popup Menu 16 Show Desktop Button 17 Invoke programs and applications 18 Set wallpapers, Screen savers, Appearance 19 Shutting Down Windows 20 Getting Help 21 Copy Files on Floppy Disk 21.1. Write-Protect a Floppy Disk 22 Copy Files and Folder From CD 23 Play Audio/Video Files 24 Basic Components Of the GUI systems 24.1. Desktop 24.2. Windows 24.3. Menu Bar (Menu Pad, Menu, Menu Options, Ellipse) 24.4. Toggle Button 24.5. Dialog Boxes 24.6. List Box 24.7. Text Box 24.8. Button 24.9. Spin Button 24.10. Radio Buttons 24.11. Control Menu 24.11.1. Close Button 24.11.2. Maximize Button 24.11.3. Minimize Button 24.12. Tool Bar 24.13. Status Bar 24.14. Title Bar 24.15. Scroll Bar 24.15.1. Vertical Scroll Bar 24.15.2. Horizontal Scroll Bar 24.16. Popup Menu 25 Compressed file 26 Delete a file/Folder 27 Change View 28 Folder Options (Tools > Folder Options) 29 My Computer 30 My Documents Folder 31 My Network Places 32 Program Files Folder 33 Font Folder 34 Schedule Task 35 Recycle Bin 36 Rename Command (F2) 37 Undo/Redo Command (Ctrl + Z, Ctrl +y) 38 Size a Window 39 Windows 2000,98,Me, NT, XP 40 Software Installation 40.1. Microsoft Office 2000 40.2. WinZip 8.0 40.3. Win Boost 2000 40.4. Web Shots 41 Window 2000 Installation. 42 Add/Remove Programs 43 Add/Remove Hardware 44 Window Shortcut keys 45 Device Manager 46 Create Text File 47 Working With Send To 48 Memory and Operating System 48.1. Concept of computer memory (The capacity of the computer to store data at an instant and its ability to retrieve the same data at another point of time is termed as the computer memory.) 48.2. Dictionary of Bits and Bytes (Data given by the user is either decimal numbers or alphabet. So, a step of conversion is necessary before the computer accepts the inputs.) 48.3. Different Unit for Measurement of computer memory.
8 Bits = Byte
1024 Bytes = Kilobyte
1024 Kilobytes = Megabyte 1024 Megabytes = Gigabyte 1024 Gigabytes = Terabyte 48.4. Concept of operating system 48.4.1. Definition of OS (OS is system software, which acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware.) 48.4.2. Classification Of Operating Systems. Operating Systems can be categorized into two types. a. Single User Operating System Example: MS DOS b. Multi - User Operating System A computer system, when acts as an interface for more than one user, it becomes a multi user environment system Example: Windows -NT 48.5. EDP cycle in detail Input Devices >Buffer > Primary Memory > CPU >Output Devices 48.6. CPU Architecture 48.6.1. CPU Registers (This unit for is for storing any data that comes into the CPU while processing) 48.6.2. ALU (The Arithmetic and Logic Unit or the ALU takes care of all the mathematical and logical Operations to be done during calculations. 48.6.3. CU (This unit controls the whole process of data transfer from one place to the other while computations are going on)