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User Input in HTML: Forms and Controls

Example #1:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form method="get" action="">
        <p> Name:
            <input type="text" name="txtName" size="25" maxlength="25" />
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
        </p>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

Example #2:

<body>
    <form method="post" action="">
        <p> User Name:
            <input type="text" name="txtName" size="25" maxlength="25" />
        </p>
        <p> Password:
            <input type="password" name="txtPwd" id="txtPwd" size="10" maxlength="10" />
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
        </p>
    </form>
</body>

Example #3:

<body>
    <form method="post" action="">
        <p> User Name:
            <input type="text" name="txtName" size="25" maxlength="25" />
        </p>
        <p> Password:
            <input type="password" name="txtPwd" id="txtPwd" size="10" maxlength="10" />
        </p>
        <label for"txtPhone">Phone:
            <input type="text" id="txtPhone" />
        </label>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
        </p>
    </form>
</body>

Example #4:

<body>
    <p>
        Grocery Checklist
    </p>
    <form action="">
        <p>
            <label> <input type="checkbox" name="groceries" value="milk"  /> Milk </label>

            <label> <input type="checkbox" name="groceries" value="bread" checked="checked" /> Bread </label>
            
            <label> <input type="checkbox" name="groceries" value="eggs" /> Eggs </label>
        </p>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
    </form>
</body>

Example #5:

    <form action="" method="get">
     
        <div>
            <input type="color" id="head" name="head" value="#e66465">
            <label for="head">Head</label>
        </div>

        <div>
            <input type="color" id="body" name="body" value="#f6b73c">
            <label for="body">Body</label>
        </div>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit">
    </form>

Example #6:

<body>
    <!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input/date -->
    <form action="" method="get">
        <label for="start">Start date:</label>
        <input type="date" id="start" name="trip-start" value="2025-03-04" min="2025-01-01" max="2025-12-31">
    </form>
</body>

Example #7:

<body>
    <form action="" method="get">
        <label for="email">Enter your globex.com email:</label>

        <input type="email" id="email" name="email" pattern=".+@gmail\.com" size="30" required>
        <input type="submit" value="submit">     
    </form>
</body>

In the HTML form you provided, the pattern and required attributes are used to control the input validation:

1. pattern=".+@gmail\.com"

  • This is a regular expression (regex) that specifies the required format for the email input.
  • Breakdown of the pattern:
    • .+ → Matches one or more characters (ensures that something comes before “@”).
    • @gmail\.com → Requires the email to end exactly with "@gmail.com".
    • \. → The backslash (\) escapes the dot (.) because a dot in regex means “any character.” Escaping ensures it is treated as a literal period.
  • Issue: The label suggests a globex.com email is required, but the pattern only allows gmail.com. You may want to update the pattern accordingly.

2. required

  • This makes the field mandatory. The user must enter an email before submitting the form.
  • If this attribute is missing, the form can be submitted even if the input field is empty.

Potential Fix (for globex.com emails)

If you actually want to allow @globex.com emails, you should update the pattern:

<input type="email" id="email" name="email" pattern=".+@globex\.com" size="30" required>

See also:

Example #8:

<body>
   <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <div>
          <label for="file">Choose file to upload</label>
          <input type="file" id="file" name="file" accept="image/png, image/jpeg" multiple>
        </div>
        <div>
          <button>Submit</button>
        </div>
    </form>
</body>

Explanation of multipart/form-data, accept and multiple in Your HTML Form:

1. enctype="multipart/form-data"

  • Definition: This attribute specifies how the form data should be encoded when submitting files.
  • Why It’s Needed?
    • When uploading files, form data is more complex than simple text inputs.
    • multipart/form-data ensures the file data is properly transmitted to the server.
  • How It Works?
    • The form data is divided into multiple parts:
      • File content
      • File metadata (such as name, type)
      • Other form fields
    • The browser sends these parts as separate sections in the request body.

2. accept="image/png, image/jpeg"

  • Definition: This attribute restricts the types of files a user can select.
  • How It Works?
    • It allows only PNG (.png) and JPEG (.jpg, .jpeg) files to be chosen.
    • The file picker will gray out or hide unsupported file types.
  • Example Modifications:
    • To allow PDFs and Word documents: 
      <input type="file" accept=".pdf, .doc, .docx">
    • To allow all images: 
      <input type="file" accept="image/*">

3. multiple Attribute

  • This allows users to select more than one file at once.

Example #9:

<body>
    <form action="" method="get">
   
            <label for="userId">User ID:
            <input type="text" id="userId" name="userId"></label>
        
        <input id="image" type="image" width="100" height="30" alt="Login"
            src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdn/learning-area/master/html/forms/image-type-example/login.png" /> 

    </form>
</body>

Example #10:

<body>
    <!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input/number -->
    <form action="" method="get">
        <label for="score">Number of score (10-100):</label>

        <input type="number" id="score" name="score" min="0" max="100">
        <!-- placeholder -->
        <br>
        <input type="number" name="mul_score" placeholder="Multiple of 10">
        <input type="submit">
    </form>
</body>

Example #11:

<body>
    <p>
        Age Category
    </p>
    <form action="">
        <p>
            <label><input type="radio" name="age" value="under20"  />
                0-19 </label>
            <label><input type="radio" name="age" value="20-35" checked="checked" /> 20-35 </label>
            <label><input type="radio" name="age" value="36-50" /> 36-50 </label>
            <label><input type="radio" name="age1" value="over50" /> Over 50 </label>
        </p>
        <input type="submit" value="submit">
    </form>
</body>

The checked attribute is used in radio buttons and checkboxes to pre-select an option when the webpage loads.

1. What is the checked Attribute?

  • It makes a radio button or checkbox selected by default.
  • The user can still change the selection if they want.

2. How It Works with Checkboxes (type="checkbox")

✅ Example: Pre-Selected Checkbox

<form>
  <label>
    <input type="checkbox" name="subscribe" checked> Subscribe to Newsletter
  </label>
</form>

🔍 Explanation:

  • The checkbox is already checked when the page loads.
  • The user can uncheck it if they don’t want to subscribe.

3. How It Works with Radio Buttons (type="radio")

🎯 Example: Pre-Selected Radio Button

<form>
  <label><input type="radio" name="gender" value="male" checked> Male</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="gender" value="female"> Female</label>
</form>

Explanation:

  • The “Male” option is pre-selected.
  • Since radio buttons work in groups (same name value), the user can only select one option at a time.
  • Clicking “Female” will deselect “Male.”

4. Important Notes

✔ The checked attribute does not require a value (e.g., <input checked> is valid).
✔ If multiple radio buttons in a group have checked, the last one in the HTML will be selected.
✔ Without checked, no option is selected by default.

Example #12:

<body>
    <!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input/range -->
    <form action="" method="get">
        <p>Audio settings:</p>

        <div>
            <input type="range" id="volume" name="volume" min="0" max="11" value="5">
            <label for="volume">Volume</label>
        </div>

        <div>
            <input type="range" id="cowbell" name="cowbell" min="0" max="100" value="20" step="10">
            <label for="cowbell">Cowbell</label>
        </div>
        <!-- +++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
        <input type="range" list="tickmarks" name="rglist" value="80">

        <datalist id="tickmarks">
            <option value="0"></option>
            <option value="10"></option>
            <option value="20"></option>
            <option value="30"></option>
            <option value="40"></option>
            <option value="50"></option>
            <option value="60"></option>
            <option value="70"></option>
            <option value="80"></option>
            <option value="90"></option>
            <option value="100"></option>
        </datalist>
        <input type="submit" value="submit">
    </form>
</body>

Example #13:

<body>
    <form>
        <div class="controls">

            <label for="id">User ID:</label>
            <input type="text" id="id" name="id" />

            <label for="id">Address</label>
            <input type="text" id="add" name="add" />


            <input type="reset" value="Reset">
            <input type="submit" value="Submit">

        </div>
    </form>
</body>

Example #14:

<body>
    <form action="" method="get">
        <input type="text" name="" id="" placeholder="enter user name">
        <input type="password" name="" id="" placeholder="please enter your password">
        <input type="number" name="" id="" placeholder="age">
    </form>
</body>

Task: User Registration Form

Design and implement a User Registration Form using HTML form controls.

Task Requirements:

Create an online registration form with the following features:

  1. Personal Information
    • Full Name (Text Input, Required, Max Length: 25)
    • Password (Password Input, Required, Max Length: 10)
    • Phone Number (Text Input, Required)
    • Date of Birth (Date Picker, Required)
    • Email Address (Email Input, Must be a valid Gmail address, Required)
  2. User Preferences
    • Gender (Radio Buttons: Male, Female – Required)
    • Hobbies (Checkboxes: Reading, Traveling, Sports – User can select multiple)
    • Favorite Color (Color Picker)
  3. File Upload
    • Profile Picture (File Input, Accepts only JPG/PNG files, Allows multiple uploads)
  4. Additional Settings
    • Volume Level (Range Input, Min: 0, Max: 10)
    • Address (Text Input, Required, Placeholder: “Enter your address”)
  5. Form Submission
    • The form should include Reset and Submit buttons.
    • Ensure the form fields have proper validation (e.g., required fields, number limits, email pattern).

🔹 Submission Guidelines:

  • Submit the HTML file with your form implementation.
  • Ensure all fields are properly labeled and functional.