Important: Keyboard shortcut keys can only be used in Windows, not in Android.
Basic Formatting Commands in Excel
Font
A font is a collection of characters, symbols, and glyphs that share a common design and are used to display text in a specific style. Fonts can be used for various purposes such as creating logos, designing websites, and publishing books.1
There are many different types of fonts available, each with its own unique personality. Some fonts are more formal and elegant, while others are more casual and fun. Some fonts are designed to be easy to read, while others are more decorative.
Here are some examples of different types of fonts:
Serif fonts have small decorative lines at the ends of their strokes. They are often considered to be more formal and elegant than sans-serif fonts. Examples of serif fonts include Times New Roman, Georgia, and Garamond.
Sans-serif fonts do not have the decorative lines at the ends of their strokes. They are often considered to be more modern and casual than serif fonts. Examples of sans-serif fonts include Arial, Helvetica, and Futura.
Script fonts resemble handwritten text. They are often used for invitations, greeting cards, and other formal documents. Examples of script fonts include Brush Script, Calligraphy, and Freestyle Script.
Decorative fonts are designed to be eye-catching and decorative. They are often used for headlines, logos, and other graphic design elements. Examples of decorative fonts include Comic Sans, Trajan Pro, and Papyrus.
Fonts are used in Excel to change the style and size of text and characters in a document. Changing the font of your numbers and text in an Excel worksheet can help your document to look more appealing and, at times, make it easier for the reader to digest the information.
Excel provides users with a pre-selected font that they may use when creating workbooks. A default font can play an important role in your document’s appearance and reader comprehension
Font Size
-The font size or text size is a number that measures the size of characters (such as letters, numbers, and punctuation marks) on a screen or printed page 1. In computing and web design, font sizes can be defined in units of pixels (px), points (pt), or ems (em).2
In Microsoft Excel, changing the font size of your numbers and text can help your document to look more appealing and make it easier for the reader to digest the information.
Bold
In Microsoft Excel, bold is a font style that makes text appear thicker and darker than the surrounding text.
It is used to emphasize important information or to make headings stand out in a table or spreadsheet.
In Microsoft Excel, Italic font style is a type of text formatting where the letters are tilted to the right. It is used to emphasize important information or to make headings stand out in a table or spreadsheet.
In Microsoft Excel, underline is a font style that adds a line below the text.
The underline command is used to draw attention to specific text or data in a table or spreadsheet. It can be used to indicate headings, subheadings, or important information that needs to be highlighted. Underlining can also be used for emphasis when bold or italic formatting is not appropriate.4
In Microsoft Excel, strikethrough is a font style that adds a line through the middle of the text.
The strikethrough command is used to indicate that certain information is no longer relevant or has been deleted. It can also be used to show completed tasks in a table or spreadsheet.5
To apply a specific font in Excel on both Windows and the mobile app, follow these steps:
On Windows (Excel Desktop App):
Open Excel and select the cell(s) where you want to apply the font.
In the Home tab, locate the Font group.
Click the Font drop-down menu to view available fonts.
Select the desired font from the list.
You can also adjust the font size, bold, italic, or underline from the same section if needed.
On Mobile (Excel App):
Open Excel on your mobile device and open the spreadsheet.
Select the cell(s) where you want to change the font.
On your Android phone, you can expand the ribbon by tapping the edit icon (which is usually located in the top). You can collapse the ribbon by tapping the down arrow Down arrow. read more …
Tap Font to open the font options.
Choose the desired font from the list.
You can also change the font size, bold, or italic here.
Borders
In Microsoft Excel, cell borders are lines that surround a cell or range of cells. They are used to visually separate data in a table or spreadsheet and make it easier to read and understand.
Cell borders that you apply on cell in sheets to appear on printed pages.
By using predefined border styles, you can quickly add a border around cells or ranges of cells. If predefined cell borders do not meet your needs, you can create a custom border.6
Select the cell or range of cells that contains the data that you want to reposition.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, do one or more of the following:
To change the vertical alignment of cell contents, click Top Align , Middle Align , or Bottom Align .
To change the horizontal alignment of cell contents, click Align Text Left , Center , or Align Text Right .
Merge & Center
Merge and Center is a feature in Microsoft Excel that allows you to combine two or more cells into one cell and align the contents of the merged cells in the center.
This feature is useful when you want to create a label that spans multiple columns or rows, or when you want to merge cells containing text or numbers into a single cell.
You can’t split an individual cell, but you can make it appear as if a cell has been split by merging the cells above it. 11
Select two or more adjacent cells that you want to merge.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click Merge and Center.
Merge adjacent cells [Android]
Select the cells to merge.
Tap Merge & Center.
Unmerge cells [Windows]
Select the merged cell.
When you select a merged cell, the Merge and Center button also appears selected in the Alignment group on the Home tab.
To split the merged cell, click Merge and Center .
Unmerge cells [Android]
Select the Merged Cell
Tap again Merge & Center.
Wrap Text
In Microsoft Excel, Wrap Text is a feature that allows you to display the contents of a cell on multiple lines, rather than one long line.
This feature is useful when you have lengthy text in a cell that is difficult to read or when you want to fit more text into a smaller space.
By enabling Wrap Text, you can ensure that all the content is visible without having to adjust the column width or are left with text overflowing into neighboring cells. 1213
Wrap text automatically - Windows
In a worksheet, select the cells that you want to format.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click Wrap Text.
Important: Data in the cell wraps to fit the column width. When you change the column width, data wrapping adjusts automatically.
Enter a line break - Windows
To start a new line of text at a specific point in a cell, double-click the cell, click the location where you want to break the line in the cell, and then press ALT+ENTER.
Format Painter
The Format Painter is a useful tool in Microsoft Excel that allows you to copy formatting from one cell or range of cells and apply it to another cell or range of cells.
Use Format Painter to quickly apply the same formatting, such as color, font style and size, or border style, to multiple pieces of text or graphics. 14
Notes:
You can use Ctrl+Shift+C to copy a format, and Ctrl+Shift+V to paste a format. While the cursor does not change to a paintbrush, you can repeatedly paste formatting to multiple areas without re-copying.
Cell Styles
A cell style is a defined set of formatting characteristics, such as fonts and font sizes, number formats, cell borders, and cell shading.
To apply several formats in one step, and to make sure that cells have consistent formatting.
Apply a cell style
Remove a cell style from data
Number Format
Excel provides a variety of number formats that you can apply to the values (numbers) you enter in a worksheet to make the data easier to interpret.
These number formats include:
currency, accounting, percentage, date, time, fraction, and scientific, as well as a few special formats.
Excel Tutorial in Urdu: Format numbers as Text in Microsoft Excel
Select the column or columns that you want to change.
On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format.
Under Cell Size, click Column Width.
In the Column width box, type the value that you want.
Column width to automatically fit the contents (auto fit) - Windows
Select the column or columns that you want to change.
On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format.
Under Cell Size, click AutoFit Column Width.
Match the column width to another column - Windows
Select a cell in the column that has the width that you want to use.
On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Copy, and then select the target column.
On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow below Paste, and then click Paste Special.
Under Paste, select Column widths.
Change the width of columns by using the mouse - Windows
To change the width of one column, drag the boundary on the right side of the column heading until the column is the width that you want.
Set a row to a specific height
Windows
Select the row or rows that you want to change.
On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format.
Under Cell Size, click Row Height.
In the Row height box, type the value that you want.
Change the row height to fit the contents - Windows
Select the row or rows that you want to change.
On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format.
Under Cell Size, click AutoFit Row Height.
Clear
Rotate data in cell - Windows
Select the cell or range of cells that contains the data that you want to reposition.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group
To rotate the cell contents, click Orientation , and then select the rotation option that you want.
Increase/Decrease Indent
Select the cell or range of cells that contains the data that you want to reposition.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group
To change the indentation of cell contents, click Decrease Indent or Increase Indent
Add or remove a sheet background - Windows
In Microsoft Office Excel, you can use a picture as a sheet background for display purposes only.
A sheet background is not printed on paper.
Add a sheet background - windows
Click the worksheet that you want to display with a sheet background. Make sure that only one worksheet is selected.
On the Page Layout tab, in the Page Setup group, click Background.
Select the picture that you want to use for the sheet background, and then click Insert.
The selected picture is repeated to fill the sheet.
Remove a sheet background - Windows
Click the worksheet that is displayed with a sheet background. Make sure that only one worksheet is selected.
On the Page Layout tab, in the Page Setup group, click Delete Background.
Gridlines on a Worksheet
Gridlines are the faint lines that appear around cells in Excel. They are used to distinguish cells on the worksheet.
Excel Tutorial in Urdu: Excel Gridlines - Show, Hide, Change Color
Show or Hide gridlines on a worksheet
Hide gridlines on a worksheet
Select one or more worksheets.
On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, clear the Gridlines check box.
Show gridlines on a worksheet
Select one or more worksheets.
On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, select the Gridlines check box.
Change the color of gridlines in a worksheet
Click the Microsoft Office Button, and then click Excel Options.
In the Advanced category, under Display options for this worksheet, make sure that the Show gridlines check box is selected.
In the Gridline color box, click the color you want.