Problem Statement: OOP Abstraction in Python

Problem Statement: OOP Abstraction in Python

Design a Python program to demonstrate the concept of Abstraction using abstract classes and methods.

Create an abstract class named Shape using the ABC module. The class should contain:

• An abstract method named area()
• An abstract method named perimeter()

Then create the following child classes:

1. Rectangle

   • Attributes: length, width

2. Circle

   • Attribute: radius

Each child class must implement the abstract methods area() and perimeter() according to its own formula.

Tasks

1. Import the required module for abstraction.
2. Create the abstract class Shape.
3. Implement abstract methods in the child classes.
4. Create objects of both Rectangle and Circle.

5. Display:

   • Shape type
   • Area
   • Perimeter
6. Demonstrate that an object of the abstract class cannot be created directly.

Sample Output

Shape: Rectangle
Area: 50
Perimeter: 30

Shape: Circle
Area: 78.5
Perimeter: 31.4

Instructions

• Use proper class structure and indentation.
• Use constructors (__init__) to initialize attributes.
• Use meaningful variable names.
• Add comments where necessary.

Learning Objectives

After completing this practical exam, students will be able to:

• Understand the concept of abstraction in OOP
• Use abstract classes and abstract methods in Python
• Implement inheritance with abstraction
• Write reusable and organized code

Abstraction helps in hiding implementation details and showing only essential features to the user. ([gyata.ai][1])